It should be remembered that after a nuclear explosion, a ball of fire is formed in its epicenter, which begins to spread around, giving instant illumination. The radius of spread will depend on the power of the nuclear munition, on the height at which the bomb exploded, as well as on the features of the terrain. The diameter of the fireball can vary from several hundred meters to several kilometers. If you are not in shelter, then it is impossible to survive within the limits of the spread of the fireball. Everything that will be in this affected area will, in fact, evaporate.
The explosion will produce a blinding flash of light and a powerful wave of heat that will spread instantly (milliseconds) away from the epicenter (spreading faster than a thought). The diameter of these zones can reach more than 10 km, but, again, will depend on the power of the explosion and the method of detonation of the nuclear munition. Flashes of light and heat will cause fires around, buildings will block thermal impulses. All this will lead to serious burns.
A few tens of seconds after that, a shock wave will begin to spread from the epicenter of the explosion, which will simply sweep away everything in its path. Damage will occur both from the wave itself and from the debris of destroyed buildings, lumps of earth and stones. After the explosion, a characteristic "nuclear mushroom" will rise, radioactive fallout will begin to fall on the ground, fires will break out in a radius of many kilometers. The shock wave will roll further, and the danger will be broken windows and fragments of glass, concrete, and building materials.
How to act in case of a nuclear attack?
During a nuclear explosion, you need to act as quickly as possible (with lightning)!
Your safety depends on every split second. It is necessary to take care of shelter, an emergency suitcase, a supply of water and food in advance. The best way to survive a nuclear attack in a city is in a basement with a reinforced concrete floor. It will protect well against radiation and destruction. Ideally, your shelter should have at least two exits, one of which is arranged so that it is not blocked by debris. There should be a supply of food and water for about a week. You can hide in any other room, but you should stay as far as possible from the walls and make sure that as little air as possible enters from the outside. The main amount of radiation will spread with the dust from the explosions, which will settle on the outer parts of the buildings.
If the explosion caught you on the street - in no case look in its direction. If you see a flash, immediately fall face down on the ground. Try to find at least some kind of shelter to stay in the "shadow" from the heat wave. Cover your head with your hands, preferably with the hood of a jacket or outer clothing. Cover your mouth and nose with a scarf or handkerchief. Beware of debris and try to reach the nearest bomb shelter.
Remain in cover until it is safe to leave the affected area. Over time, the power of the radiation weakens, so even after 24 hours you will be exposed to a lower dose of radiation than immediately after the explosion.
Take care of personal protective equipment. Protect eyes and respiratory organs with masks, respirators and goggles. Do everything possible to prevent radioactive dust from getting on your skin and inside your body. If you are in a shelter, if possible, carefully remove the top layer of clothing and wash all parts of the body that were exposed. Change into clean clothes if you can. Consume only hermetically sealed water and food.
Rely only on yourself. A nuclear strike is like an earthquake, fire, tornado and flood all at the same time. A nuclear disaster causes infrastructure to collapse, making it impossible to get help for days, if not weeks. Do not neglect your own safety and try to prepare in advance. No country in the world is able to fully prepare for such a thing. A nuclear disaster causes infrastructure to collapse, making it impossible to get help for days, if not weeks. Do not neglect your own safety and try to prepare in advance.
Preparing for a nuclear explosion!
First of all, find out where the nearest shelters are located in the places where you are most often - near your home, work, etc. In the event that an emergency occurs while you are on the road, identify facilities that can serve as secure closed shelters on the route you travel most often.
Be aware that some types of buildings protect people better than others. In particular, dense materials like brick and cement block radiation better than wood, drywall, and thin sheet metal.
In addition, areas within a building, such as toilets and stairwells, further away from fallout are better protected than those near roofs, windows and exterior walls.
It is worth having a set of basic things, products and medicines.
But the most important thing in the case of a nuclear explosion:
- bottled water,
- hermetically (!) packed products for long-term storage (for example, canned goods),
- respirators (FFP2, FFP3),
- flashlight and spare batteries,
- copies and originals of important documents, strong garbage bags
If there is a warning about an imminent threat of an explosion, immediately take cover to approx
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